辐照水产品放射性危害研究及风险评估

Radioactive hazard and risk assessment of irradiated seafood

目的研究不同辐照剂量对水产品及水产制品安全性的影响。方法采用5组辐照剂量(0,1,7,20,50 k Gy)及不同放射源对水产品进行辐照处理,利用高纯锗γ谱仪分析辐照后样品中10种放射性核素(^(40)K、^(131)J、^(57)Co、^(60)Co、^(54)Mn、^(134)Cs、^(65)Zn、^(137)Cs、^(152)Eu、^(133)Ba)活度浓度,结合放射性危害评估,对辐照水产品的安全性进行评估。结果样品接受^(60)Coγ射线辐照后,60Co核素活度浓度稍有升高,但仍处于较低水平,远低于1000 Bq/kg的限量;接受不同放射源和不同剂量辐照后,所测的各类放射性核素活度浓度均处于低水平,甚至为未检出。结论经高剂量辐照后的水产品和水产品制品中,10种放射性核素活度浓度均远低于限量标准,辐照后(≤50 k Gy)海产品无放射性危害。

Objective To evaluate the effects of different irradiation doses on the safety of irradiated seafood. Methods The seafood were irradiated by 0, 1, 7, 20 and 50 kGy and different radioactive sources respectively, then the activity concentrations of 10 radionuclide （40K, 131J, 57Co, 60Co, 54Mn, 134Cs, 65Zn, 137Cs, 152Eu,133Ba） were analyzed by using high purity germanium （HPGe） gamma-ray spectrometer. The safety of irradiated seafood was investigated by assessment of radioactive hazard. Results The results showed that the activity value of 6℃0 increased, which was irradiated by 6℃0 gamma rays. It were still far lower than the minimum limit of 1000 Bq/kg. The specific activity values of 10 radionuclide in seafood irradiated by different irradiation doses and radioactive sources were in the low level even not detected. Conclusion The activity values of 10 radionuclide in irradiated seafood are far lower than the minimum limit. As a result, high dose irradiation （≤50 kGy） does not give rise to radioactive hazard to seafood.