倾转旋翼机多部件对机翼气动干扰的分析及优化

Analysis and optimizations on aerodynamic interaction of tiltrotor aircraft multi-components on its wing

为研究倾转旋翼机各部件对机翼的气动干扰效应,建立了一套适用于倾转旋翼机流场CFD求解方法,提出并生成了一套由三棱柱/四面体组成的适用于倾转旋翼机多种飞行状态的非结构混合网格系统.以三维Navier-Stokes方程为主控方程,采用动量源方法进行倾转旋翼的模拟,并引入了高效的OpenMP并行加速技术等,提出了一套新型的动量源项添加及搜索方法.计算分析了倾转旋翼机旋翼/机身/短舱对于机翼气动特性的干扰影响,得出了一些对设计有指导意义的结论.采用基于径向基函数(RBF)的代理模型方法,根据机翼不同展向位置的干扰程度对各段翼型配置进行气动优化.优化结果表明:考虑气动干扰作用,在巡航速度下优化后的全机升阻比增长达到了36.78%.

For revealing the aerodynamic interaction mechanism between the rotor/fuselage/nacelle and wing of the tiltrotor aircraft,a CFD solution was established.The unstructured hybrid mesh system consist of triangular prism and tetrahedron meshes suitable for solving flowfield of tiltrotor aircraft under multiple flight conditions were established.Three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations was the main control equation and the momentum source method was used to simulate the flowfield of tiltrotor,and data sharing OpenMP parallel strategy was employed to accelerate the calculation as well.A new momentum source adding and searching method was proposed.The aerodynamic interactions of tiltrotor/fuselage/nacelle on wing were simulated respectively,and some valuable conclusions for optimization were obtained.The surrogate model based on radial basis function （RBF） was used for the tiltrotor aerodynamic optimization problem.Considering the interaction effects on different sections of wing,the wing airfoils were used as the design variables in the optimization design process of tiltrotor aircraft,and optimized life/drag were improved by 36.78 % compared with the original model.