1996-2016年我国三甲基氯化锡中毒事故分析

Present situation and analysis of trimethyltin-chloride poisoning accidents in China in the recent 20 years

目的了解我国近20年三甲基氯化锡中毒现状及原因,为预防三甲基氯化锡中毒提供科学依据。方法以"三甲基氯化锡中毒"为检索关键词,对1996-2016年期间发表的三甲基氯化锡中毒事故进行系统检索与分析。结果近20年期刊发表的关于三甲基氯化锡中毒事故共30起,中毒患者共1 203例,死亡10例。中毒方式主要是职业性中毒和生活性中毒,其中职业中毒26起,事故主要发生于从事塑料行业的职工,有明确的三甲基氯化锡接触史;生活性中毒4起;食入性中毒方式的中毒人数最多,共1 002例,职业性中毒201例;中毒人群具有一定的地域性。结论三甲基氯化锡中毒危害严重,生产中应积极防治三甲基氯化锡中毒。

Objective To analyze the current station and reasons of trimethyltin-chloride poisoning in the recent 20 years, and to provide scientific evidence for preventing trimethyltin-chloride poisoning. Methods Papers reporting trimethyltin-chloride poisoning were searched and selected in journals from 1996 to 2016 with＂trimethyltinchloride poisoning＂as the keywords. Results Thirty accidents about trimethyltin-chloride poisoning were collected in the recent 20 years, involving 1 203 cases, of which 10 died. The major ways of poisoning were occupational poisoning and life poisoning. Among the 30 accidents, 26 were occupational poisoning, which mainly occurred in workers who were engaged in plastic industry and have a clear trimethyltin-chloride contact history, and 4 were life poisoning, including 1 002 cases of food poisoning and 201 cases of occupational poisoning. The poisoning cases were distributed in geographical regions. Conclusion Trimethyltin-chloride poisoning accidents cause serious harm, and measures should be taken actively to prevent the accidents.