美国市政污水处理排放标准制定对中国的启示

Inspiration of the Elaboration of the Public Owned Treatment Works Discharge Standard of the USA to China

在概述美国市政污水处理排放标准制度体系的基础上,介绍了其制定基于技术的排放限值和基于水质的排放限值的方法,阐述了其制定的科学性,并指出了中国市政污水处理排放标准中存在的相应问题。最后,根据美国制定排放标准限值的经验,对我国污水处理排放标准进行了思考,并提出了科学制定排放标准的方法和建议。

In this paper, on the basis of the overview about the institutional system for the public owned treatment works（POTWs） discharge standards of the USA, the methods of elaborating the technology-based effluent limits and the water qualitybased effluent limits（WQBELs） were introduced. Scientificity of the elaboration was explained and relevant problems existing in the discharge standards for municipal sewage treatment works in China were pointed out. Finally, according to the USA experiences in the establishment of the limits in the POTWs discharge standards, the sewage treatment discharge standards in China were pondered over, and methods and suggestions for scientific establishment of discharge standards were proposed.