淮河流域河南段水环境空间异质性分析

Spatial Heterogeneity Analysis of Water Environment in the Huaihe River Basin of Henan Province

2013年8月4~15日,在淮河流域河南段布设144个采样点,对其水环境进行调查。采用主成分分析和系统聚类分析方法,从水体和底泥环境两方面,对研究区水环境的空间异质性进行了研究。研究结果表明,淮河流域河南段水体的氨氮含量、总磷含量、总氮含量和可溶性磷酸盐含量以及底泥的氨氮含量和全氮含量是影响该河流水环境质量的主要污染因子;水体污染和底泥污染都有明显的空间异质性,污染较严重的河流多位于淮河干流以北,而位于淮河干流以南的河流受到的污染相对较少;该流域河流水体受无机盐氮和磷的污染比较严重;层次聚类分析结果同样表明,淮河流域河南段水环境空间异质性明显,淮河干流以南的水环境质量优于淮河以北。

Based on the field investigation of the water environment of river in Huaihe River basin of Henan province from August 4 to 15, 2013, 144 sampling sites were selected. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis methods were used to evaluate the spatial heterogeneity of water environment from two aspects of water and sediment. The results of principal component analysis showed that the contents of ammonium nitro- gen, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, and soluble reactive phosphate of water, the contents of ammonium nitro- gen and total nitrogen of sediment were the main pollution factors of the water environment. The spatial het- erogeneity of water and sediment pollution was obvious. The rivers polluted seriously were located the north of the Huaihe River mostly, and the rivers located to the south of Huaihe River were polluted less. The pollutions of inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus were more serious. The cluster analysis results showed that the spatial heterogeneity of water environment of Huaihe River basin of Henan province was obvious, the water environment quality was better in the south branches than in the north branches of Huaihe River.