基于跨理论模型的高原驻训官兵预防痔疮健康行为干预的效果研究

Effect evaluation of intervene on healthy behavior of soldiers on platesu area to prevent hemorrhoids based on transtheoretical model

目的 探讨基于跨理论模型的健康教育干预方案对高原驻训基层部队官兵预防痔疮健康行为改变的影响.方法 以某炮兵旅、某防空旅各54例患痔疮官兵为研究对象,分别设为对照组和试验组,试验组应用跨理论模型进行健康教育,对照组采用常规健康教育.观察干预后各阶段行为改变情况.结果 干预后1、3个月2组处于各行为阶段的例数比较差异无统计学意义（χ^2=1.514、6.554,P〉0.05）,干预后6个月试验组处于前意向阶段、意向阶段、准备阶段、行动阶段、维持阶段的例数分别为0、0、0、15、39例,对照组分别为2、3、6、20、23例,2组比较差异有统计学意义（χ^2=15.843,P〈0.01）.干预后1个月2组每日进行提肛训练的次数比较差异无统计学意义（χ^2=0.872、P〉0.05）,干预后3、6个月试验组每日进行提肛训练的次数≤5、6-15、16-25、26-35、〉35次分别为5、6、6、20、17例和0、0、0、14、40例,对照组分别为9、13、14、10、8例和3、4、6、22、19例,2组比较差异有统计学意义（χ^2=13.459、22.252,P〈0.01）.干预后6个月试验组官兵便血发生率为3.70%（2/54）,对照组为16.67%（9/54）,2组比较差异有统计学意义（χ^2=4.960,P〈0.05）.结论 基于跨理论模型的健康行为干预能有效促进养成预防痔疮复发的健康行为,有效降低高原驻训期间痔疮疾病的复发率.

Objective To explore the effect of trans theoretical model in changing on healthy behavior of soldiers on plateau area to prevent hemorrhoids. Methods Fifty-four soldiers respectively from the artillery troops and air defenses force troops were selected and divided into control group that received normal healthy education and treatment group that received the healthy behavior intervene based on transtheoretical model and the changes of the behavior at each stage of intervention were observed and contrasted between two groups. Results There was no statistically significant difference in the number of each stage between two groups at 1 and 3 months after intervention （χ^2= 1.514, 6.554, P〉 0.05）. The number of former intention stage, intention stage, preparation stage, action stage, maintain stage at 6 months after intervention in treatment group were respectively 0, 0, 0, 15, 39 cases, and 2, 3, 6, 20, 23 cases in control group respectively, the difference was statistically significant （χ^2=15.843, P〈0.01）. There was no significant difference in the number of daily one form training at 1 months after intervention between the two groups （χ^2=0.872, P〉0.05）. The number of daily training of the levator ani less than 5, 6-15, 16-25, 26-35,〉35 times at 3, 6 months after intervention respectively was 5, 6, 6, 17 cases and 20, 0, 0, 0, 14, 40 cases in treatment group respectively, 9, 13, 14, 10, 8 cases, and 3, 4, 6, 22, 19 cases in control group,the differences were statistically significant （χ^2=13.459, 22.252, P〈0.01）. The incidence of bloody at 6 months after intervention was 3.70% （2/54） in treatment group and 16.67% （9/54） in control group, the difference was statistically significant （χ^2 = 4.960, P 〈 0.05）. Conclusions The intervene based on transtheoretical model can effectively promote the healthy behavior to prevent hemorrhoids and reduce the recurrence rate of hemorrhoids.