食品安全犯罪刑事司法对策研究

Criminal and Judicial Countermeasures against Food Safety Crime

新《食品安全法》于2015年10月1日起正式施行,但在打击食品安全犯罪的实践中仍有许多不足需要完善。打击食品安全犯罪,必须完善行刑衔接的相关制度,明确移送的标准与流程;在证据的收集上,根据证据种类的不同,直接采用证据,或是重新收集。在食品安全违法行为与损害结果因果关系的认定问题上,宜采用过错推定与疫学因果关系相结合的方式加以认定。同时,要充分利用《刑法》第二百三十三条、第二百三十五条等关于过失犯罪的规定,弥补对过失犯处罚的缺失。应发挥《刑法》第三百九十七条、第四百零八条、第四百一十三条等条款的重要作用,严厉打击食品安全渎职犯罪。对于利用职业便利实施食品安全犯罪的从业人员要加大从业禁止力度。

The new food safety law is formally implemented since October 1, 2015. In practice, however, it leaves some room to be improved. To combat food safety crime, it needs to improve related system of cohesion of execution, clarify the standard and process of transfer; in terms of evidence-gathering, either apply the evidence or gather evidence again. With respect to recognition of causal relationship between illegal behavior and harmful consequences, integrate presumption of fault with causation of epidemiology. In addition, according to related regulations in Criminal Law, punish negligence crime, combat malfeasance crime and enhance the efforts to combat crime committed by those practitioners who take advantages of their profession.