高校招生自主权:实践探索与理论思考

Enrolment Autonomy of Universities Over Forty Years:Practice Exploration and Theoretical Consideration

高考制度恢复以来,我国高校招生自主权经历了一个从无到有、从扩大到落实的艰难过程,具体包括零星探索、政策推动、法律确认、单项突进、综合改革等5个阶段。我国高校招生自主权的扩大与落实主要在投档比例、自主招生、结盟联考、综合评价录取等方面进行了颇有价值的实践探索。然而,探索之路的艰难也反映了相关理论建设的不足乃至缺失。有效落实高校招生自主权至少涉及高校招生标准制定权、高校招生自主权的内部配置、高校招生自主权的外部监督与制约等3个理论性问题。

Since the college entrance examination system recovered in 1977,the enrolment autonomy of universities in China experienced a difficult process from nonexistence to coming into existence,from expansion to implementation,which specifically included five steps,fragmentary exploration,policy promotion,legal confirmation,single onrush and comprehensive reform. The expansion and implementation of the enrolment autonomy of universities in China has mainly carried on the valuable practice exploration in the aspects of throw file rate,self-determined admission,alliance and joint examination,comprehensive evaluation admission,and so forth.However,the hard way to explore also reflects the lack of relevant theoretical construction and even non-existence. The effective implementation of the enrolment autonomy of universities involves at least three theoretical issues： the right of making university enrollment standards,the internal configuration of the enrolment autonomy of universitis,and the external supervision and restriction of the enrolment autonomy of universities.