社会流动视域下南朝韦华家系势力迁转及其文化意义

Geographical Migration,Class Mobility and the Power Change of the Wei Hua Clan in the Southern Dynasties and Its Culture Implications

中古社会流动以横向地域迁徙和纵向阶层升降为主要形式。受政局影响,韦华家系为优化发展路径,自十六国中期至隋的二百余年里主要沿"长安→襄阳→建康→南徐州→长安"的路线播迁。在国家与地方博弈语境下,东晋至萧齐,韦氏于襄阳厚植根基,地方豪强色彩显著。齐末韦叡利用嬗代契机,功致高位,启襄阳——建康双家发展模式,家族发展臻至顶峰。嗣后其孙韦粲弃襄阳而徙建康,完全依附皇权,于侯景之乱中合族被戮。对韦氏之流动与升降的研究,不仅可见出南朝皇权伸张与地方势力衰退的具体轨迹,亦对研究南北朝后期国家统一之基层要素和士族庶化问题具有助益。

Social mobility in the Chinese medieval times mainly takes two forms： the horizontal geographical migration and the vertical class change. Due to political reasons,the Wei Hua Clan embarked on a migration route that started from Chang＇an,to Xiangyang,Jiankang,and Nanxuzhou,before back to Chang＇an again in over 200 years from the mid 16 States Period to the Sui Dynasty,in order to find a best way of family development. From the East Jin Dynasty to the Sounthern Qi Dynasty when the central government was contending with the local government for power,the Wei Hua Clan was firmly established in Xiangyang,as a powerful local landlord. At the end of the Southern Qi Dynasty,Wei Rui took dynastic replacement as an opportunity to obtain a high position and started a ＂Xiangyang—Jiankang＂double city development mode. This period was regarded as the best time of the clan. Later,Wei Rui＇s grandson,Wei Jie gave up Xiangyang and settled in Jiankang,attaching the clan to the emperor. His whole family was killed in the Houjing Rebellion. The migration and power change of the Wei Hua Clan shows the strengthening of the imperial power and the weakening of the local force in the southern dynasties. The study can shed some light on the fundamental factors in national reunification and the plebeianization of the nobilities in the late northern and southern dynasties.