西安坊上回民亲属称谓语变异及身份认同

Language Variation and Identity: A Sociolinguistic Kinship Study of Xi'an Muslims in the Hui Quarter

不同方言区的回民往往以当地方言为基础形成兼具区域特征和民族特征的回民汉语变体。西安坊上回民所使用的汉语,是西安方言一种民族变体形式。与汉族人使用的西安话相比,坊上话在语音、词汇和语法等方面都有其独特之处,其中亲属称谓的独特性尤为显著。对西安回民称谓语变体选择进行量化分析,可以看出身份认同的构建是在语言互动中实现的,变体选择本身即是构建和强化身份认同的行为过程,而对不同变体社会内涵的认知判断则是变体取舍的依据。说话人对同一变体的解读处于两分或多分状态,表示不同变异形式处于竞争阶段,语言中存在潜在的变化;若解读趋向一致,表示变化已经产生。

The speech of the Hui is a regional and ethnic variety,based on various Chinese dialects. Fangshang speech spoken by Muslim people of the Hui Quarter is an ethnic vernacular of the Xi＇an dialect,which is distinct from the situation of the other Han speech communities in Xi＇an at phonetic and lexical levels and the difference is particularly marked by its unique kinship variants. This article,which is a case study based on sociolinguistic investigation,is to describe the kinship terms and analysis the usage statistically,calculating the current Mandarin and Xi＇an dialect influence on Hui vernacular. Furthermore,we analysis the interview data to achieve a better understanding of how Hui people construct their identity through the stylistic kinship term choices.