中国21世纪海外基地建设的现实需求与风险应对

China's Overseas Basing:Necessities and Risk Response in the Twenty-first Century

与中国海外利益不断扩展的现实相比,因为缺乏稳定的海外硬件保障条件,中国在保护海外利益和提供国际安全公共产品方面面临较大挑战。海外基地建设不仅能发挥硬实力的软运用功能,还能够满足东道国在国家安全、经济发展、国民就业等方面的需求。中国建设海外基地不仅是现实所需,而且有法可依有例可循,在尊重《联合国宪章》相关原则、遵守东道国相关法律法规、秉持互不干涉内政等外交原则的基础上,中国建设符合国家发展需要的海外基地无可非议。要实现中国特色的海外基地建设,首先需要营造接受中国建设海外基地的国际环境,其次则应从获取方式、发展规模、立法执法、管理运行等方面思考和应对海外基地建设中可能遇到的各种潜在风险。

As China’s overseas interests are expanding rapidly,the international community is expecting China to take on more responsibilities.However,because of insufficient infrastructure,the Chinese forces overseas are facing great challenges in protecting China’s overseas interests and providing international public security goods.In peacetime,the major function of overseas bases is protecting world peace,and the 'soft' use of this hard power is well accepted by the international community.This paper analyzes China’s pressing need for overseas bases,and discusses the legitimacy of China’s construction of overseas bases.This paper suggests that:firstly,it is necessary to seek the international acceptance of China’s overseas bases;secondly,China should consider how to avoid the potential risks that may be encountered during the construction of overseas bases,from aspects of scale,law enforcement,and management.