我国装备制造业技术创新体系中企业主体作用激活问题研究

Research on the activation of the main role of the enterprise in the technological innovation system of equipment manufacturing industry in China

此文主要论述了我国装备制造业技术创新系统中企业主体的能动性问题。首先梳理了我国装备制造业技术创新发展的现状及问题,在此背景下,提出提高装备制造业技术创新系统中企业主体的能动性对我国装备制造业进一步发展起到重要作用,并进一步对我国装备制造业企业技术创新的能动性进行界定和具体分析。根据创新的概念,在综合之前文献的基础上,提出我国装备制造业企业的能动性大体可以分解为能力方面和动力方面,在能力方面,指出外部要素的利用能力、内部要素的管理能力和内外部要素的整合能力构成了企业技术创新能力的三个重要部分;在动力方面,尽管文献中主要涉及市场力、科技力和政策力为企业技术进步的重要动力要素,此文所提出的能动性更强调企业所内生的自觉性和主动性,而非外在的拉动力,这是因为企业内部的动力才是技术创新能动性的不竭来源。此文最后针对我国装备制造业企业主体技术创新的能力和动力方面,提出了提高其能动性的一些初步建议。

This paper mainly discusses the dynamic problem of the enterprise in the technological innovation system of equipment manufacturing industry in our country. At the beginning, it analyzes the status quo and problems of technological innovation of equipment manufacturing industry in China. In this context, this article puts forward that enhancing the dynam- ic of the enterprise main body in the technical innovation system of equipment manufacturing industry plays an important role in the further development of China＇s equipment manufacturing industry, and furthermore, it is of great significance to further improve the development of China＇s equipment manufacturing industry, and to define and analyze the dynamic of technological innovation in China＇s equipment manufacturing enterprises. According to the concept of innovation, on the basis of the previous literature, it points out that the dynamic of China＇s equipment manufacturing enterprises can be divided into capacity and impetus. On the capacity side, the abilities of utilizing external factors, managing internal factors, and in- tegrating internal and external capacities constitute the three important parts of the enterprise＇s technological innovation abil- ity. On the impetus side, the literature mainly involves the market force, the science and technology force, and the policy force as the important driving force for the enterprise＇s technological progress. However, the dynamic proposed in this paper emphasizes the self-consciousness and initiative of the enterprise, rather than the external driving force, because the internal motivation is the inexhaustible source of technological innovation initiative. At the end of this paper, in respect of capacity and impetus of China＇s equipment manufacturing enterprises, some preliminary suggestions on how to improve the dynamic of China＇s equipment manufacturing enterprises are put forward.