深圳市生态可持续发展中的景观格局动态变化

Dynamical Change of Landscape Pattern in Ecological Sustainable Development of Shenzhen

文章以深圳市为研究对象,采用主成份分析法获取能反映城市生态景观格局的关键指标,以城市生态可持续发展理论为指导,结合景观生态概念,从整体景观结构特征与变化趋势、绿色空间连接情况与控制能力、土地保障能力与集约用地水平3个方面建立深圳市生态可持续发展评价指标体系,通过关键景观指数的动态变化分析深圳生态系统健康状态,并采用AHP-熵权法对指标进行赋权,计算出2009、2011、2013年深圳市生态可持续发展综合评价指数。分析结果表明,深圳市整体生态可持续发展能力良好,在新的政策引导下有一定的上升趋势,景观破碎化严重、生态空间不足、土地利用粗放等问题是深圳生态可持续发展的最大阻力。通过对深圳市生态可持续发展中存在的主要问题进行具体分析,提出了相应的对策。

Ecological sustainable development is the prerequisite for the development of city. Taking Shenzhen as the research object, the principle component analysis is used to obtain the key indicators that reflect the pattern of urban ecological landscape. Based on the theory of urban ecological sustainable development and the concept of landscape ecology, the evaluation index system of ecological sustainable development of Shenzhen is constructed by three aspects： the characteristics of overall landscape structure and the changing trend, the condition of green space connection and the control ability, and the ability of land security and the level of intensive land-use. The healthy status of Shenzhen ecosystem is analyzed by the dynamic change of the key landscape index, and AHP-entropy method is used to empower the index to calculate the comprehensive evaluation index of ecological sustainable development of Shenzhen in 2009, 2011 and 2013. The analysis results showed that the overall ecological sustainable development capability of Shenzhen is good, and there is a certain upward trend under the guidance of the new policy, the problem of serious fragmentation of landscape, the lack of ecological space and the extensive land use are the biggest resistance of ecological sustainable development in Shenzhen. Finally, the paper analyzes the main problems in the ecological sustainable development in Shenzhen, and puts forward corresponding countermeasures for these problems.