低位恶性胆道梗阻的支架治疗现状及进展

Biliary stenting for low position malignant biliary obstruction: current status and recent advances

肝门部的恶性肿瘤是导致低位梗阻性黄疸的常见原因。对于无法进行外科手术治疗的恶性胆道梗阻,经皮肝穿刺胆道支架成形术是有效的治疗方法。塑料支架、金属支架、覆膜与非覆膜支架可起到姑息性治疗的作用,而药物洗脱支架、支架成形术联合光动力治疗、胆道腔内放射治疗及各种消融术还可以抑制肿瘤的生长,延长病人生存期。结合近几年国内外文献,就低位恶性胆道梗阻的支架治疗现状及进展作一综述。

Malignant tumors at hepatic portal are the common causes of distal biliary obstructive jaundice. Percuta-neous transhepatic biliary stent angioplasty is an effective treatment for patients with malignant biliary obstuction when surgery is impossible. Plastic, metal, coated and non-coated stents can play the role in palliative treatment.While drug-e-luting stents, and stent angioplasty combining with photodynamic therapy, biliary intraluminal brachytherapy and ablation therapy can restrain the growth of the tumor, and extend the survival time of patients. Based on recent national and interna-tional literatures, the authors reviewed the current status and recent advances in biliary stents therapy for distal biliary ob-struction caused by malignant tumors.