西部地区女性产后排便情况及其影响因素研究

Postpartum defecation situation of women and influencing factors in central and western regions of Inner Mongolia

目的探究女性产后排便情况及相关影响因素。方法筛选内蒙古包头、巴彦淖尔地区健康单胎、足月分娩的产妇为调查对象,在产后3和12个月时对产妇进行现场问卷调查。膳食部分采用半定量膳食频率法,计算出产妇过去1个月每日膳食及营养素摄入量;分析饮食、体重滞留等因素与产后排便情况的关系。结果产妇平均年龄(29.27±4.40)岁。产后3和12个月的排便情况比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。产后12个月时,排便≥7次/周的产妇饮食与产后3个月时对比,结果显示,蔬菜摄入量、总膳食纤维摄入量比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),每日蛋白质摄入量比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。产后3和12个月不同排便情况的产妇体重滞留量比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同分娩、喂养方式的产妇排便情况比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论女性产后排便情况与饮食相关;与产后体重滞留、分娩方式及喂养方式无关。

Objective To explore the maternal postpartum defecation situation and related influencing factors. Methods Healthy singleton parturients at full-term were screened out in Baotou and Bayannaoer region of Inner Mongolia as investigation objects. On-site questionnaire survey was conducted 3 and 12 months after childbirth. Semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire （FFQ） survey was adopted to calculate the daily dietary and nutritional intake of the women in the past 1 month. The correlations of postpartum defecation situation with diet, weight retention and other factors were analyzed. Results The average maternal age was （29.27 ± 4.40） years. Defecation situation 3 months after delivery was significantly different from that 12 months after delivery （P 〈 0.05）. The vegetable intake and the total dietary fiber intake increased significantly （P 〈0.05）, daily protein intake decreased in the women with defecation 7 times a week or more 12 months after delivery compared to 3 months after delivery （P 〈0.05）. There was no significant difference in weight retention between the mothers with different defecation situation in the 3rd and 12th month after delivery （P 〉0.05）. The defecation situation was not significantly different between the mothers with different delivery ways or feeding ways （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusions Female postpartum defecation situation is related to diet, but not correlated with postpartum weight retention, delivery ways or feeding ways.