新疆低阶煤溶煤菌的分离与鉴定

Bacteria Isolation and Identification of Xinjiang Low-rank Coal Solvent

【目的】从采集的煤、腐木和土壤样品中分离、鉴定出能够高效降解新疆低阶煤的菌株,研究细菌对新疆低阶煤的转化能力。【方法】用牛肉膏蛋白胨培养基分离、纯化菌株;通过初步筛选,选出发酵之后CZAPECK DOX-medium培养基变成深褐色或者黑色的菌株,之后利用液体培养基对菌株的溶煤率进行测定;构建溶煤菌株的16S r DNA基因系统发育树并对菌株进行生物学鉴定。【结果】从采集的样品中共分离出191株细菌,从煤样品、腐木样品和土壤样品中分别分离出25、61和105株菌,分别占总数的13%、32%、54%。通过初步筛选,选出28株具有溶煤功能的菌株,其中NH-6、NF-1、NH-3、YF-3、NG-4的溶煤率分别为35.06%、34.72%、25.23%、28.03%、35.89%,对新疆低阶煤具有较好的降解能力。经过初步鉴定NG-4、NF-1、YF-3均属于芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus);NH-3、NH-6属于假单孢菌属(Pseudomonas)。【结论】筛选得到的几株芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)和假单孢菌属(Pseudomonas)的菌株对新疆低阶煤具有较高的降解能力,补充了新疆低阶煤降解菌资源。

【 Objective】 This project aims to identify the strains that can degrade the low rank coal from the collected samples of coal, rotten w o o d and soil samples in Xinjiang and study the transformation ability of bacteria to the low rank coal. [M e thod ] T he strains were isolated and purified with beef extract peptone cul-ture medium; Through the preliminary screening, the C Z A P E C K D O X - m e d i u m selected became a dark brown or black strain. Then the liquid m e d i u m was used to determine the dissolution rate. T he phylogenetic tree of 16S rDNA gene was thus constructed for biologically identifying the strains.【 Result】191 strains of bac-teria were isolated from the samples collected, that was 25 strains, 61 strains and 105 strains were isolated from the samples of coal, rotten w o o d and soil, which accounted for 13% , 3 2 % ,5 4 % of the total, respec-tively. Through the preliminary screening, 28 strains with the function of solubilization of coal were selected, among which, the dissolution rates of NH - 6, N F - 1, N H - 3 , Y F - 3 and N G - 4 were 35. 0 6 % , 34. 7 2 % , 25.23%, 28.03% and 35.89%, respectively. After preliminary identification, NG -4, N F - 1 and Y F - 3 all belonged to Bacillus genus （ Bacillus） and NH - 3 , NH - 6 belonged to fake single spore strains （ Pseudo-monas ）.[Conclusion] T he selected strains of Bacillus sp. （ Bacillus ） and Pseudomonas sp. （ Pseudomonas ） have a higher degradation ability to Xinjiang low rank coal, which supplement the low rank coal degradation bacteria resources in Xinjiang.