以工业副产锌泥水热合成硼酸锌及表面改性

Hydrothermal synthesis and surface modification of zinc borate with industrial by-product zinc mud

以工业副产物锌泥及硼砂、硼酸为原料,150℃下水热反应3 h,制备水合硼酸锌(2Zn O·3B2O3·3H2O),样品呈长方体状,粒径约为3μm,并对所制备的硼酸锌进行XRD、TG-DTA、SEM、IR表征。以硬脂酸钠为改性剂,采用正交实验考察了改性剂用量、改性时间、改性温度等因素对硼酸锌改性的影响。结果表明,当硼酸锌的料浆质量分数为5%时,适宜的改性条件:硬脂酸钠用量为2%(质量分数)、前期磁力搅拌40 min、170℃下水热改性60 min。改性后样品的活化指数约为96%,亲油疏水;形貌由长方体开裂成片状,比表面积增大,更利于与高分子基材的融合。

Hydrated zinc borate（2ZnO·3B2O3·3H2O） was successfully prepared by hydrothermal synthesis method with an industrial by-product zinc mud,borax,and boric acid as raw materials.Under 150 ℃ for 3 h,the prepared hydrated zinc borate was in cuboid shape,and its grain size was about 3 μm.The prepared product was characterized by XRD,TG-DTA,IR,and SEM.Surface modification of zinc borate was studied with sodium stearate,and the effects of sodium stearate dosage,modification time,and modification temperature on the activation index were investigated by orthogonal experimental method.Experimental results indicated that the suitable modification conditions were as follows：the modifier dosage was 2%（mass fraction）,the early magnetic stirring time was 40 min,the hydrothermal temperature was 170 ℃,and the modification time was60 min,and the mass fraction of zinc borate slurry was 5%.Under the optimum condition,activation index of modified product was about 96%,the surface wettability of the particles changed from hydrophilic to lipophilic.The morphology of the sample had cracked into flakes from cuboid and the specific surface area was increased,which was in favor of the integration with the polymer base materials.