日伪政权统治下北京师范大学的奴化教育论析

On Enslavement Education of the Peking Normal University by Japanese Puppet Regime in China

1938年4月,在原北平师范大学校址和原北平大学法商学院校址,日伪政权先后建立"国立北京师范学院"和"国立北京女子师范学院";1941年11月,又将两校合并改组为国立北京师范大学。伪政权创办该教育机构的直接目标是为沦陷区中等学校培养所需师资,实质上是把日本殖民主义思想与中国封建文化结合起来对中国沦陷区人民实施奴化教育。其奴化教育既标注在学校办学的宗旨上,也体现在课堂内的教学和课外活动等各个教育教学环节之中。师生被特务严密监视,校园如同一座人间地狱。在此恶劣环境里,选择继续在伪校执教的教师,大多数不得不"忍辱含诟",但仍有少数教师进行秘密抗日。多数学生在沉默中"容忍吞声",埋头于书本求知,一部分学生则转往后方,一部分学生则对奴化教育采取消极抵制的态度。虽然奴化教育活动及其当事人都已成为历史,但故事为什么发生与它给中国社会带来的影响,永远值得深思。

The Peking Normal College and the Peking Women Normal College were founded by Japanese and the Puppet Regime in April 1938, and the two colleges were combined into one school which was named the Peking Normal University in November 1941. The direct aim of those schools was to cultivate the teachers of secondary school for the Japanese occupied areas. Essentially,it had carried out enslavement education to Chinese in the occupied areas by Japanese colonialism combining with Chinese feudalism culture. The enslavement education existed in the aim and all education teaching from classroom to extracurricular activities of the College and the University. The campus was alike a hell on the Earth, because teachers and students were under strict surveillance by special agents. Most of teachers who continued to teach in the pseudo-university had to endure pain and humiliation; a few teachers engaged secret activities against Japanese aggression. Most students endured humiliation silently and gave themselves up in learning, some students moved to the rear area of China, other students passively resisted to enslavement education. Though those activities of enslavement education and the witness had gone,it is worth of thinking deeply on its reason and impact on modern China.