冗余资源、创业拼凑和企业绩效

Slack resources,entrepreneurial bricolage and firm performance

冗余资源有利于企业开发新机会,但可能会降低企业的运营效率,因此冗余资源与企业绩效关系的研究结果一直存在争议。为解决这个研究争议,本文引入创业拼凑作为权变因素,检验两类创业拼凑——选择型拼凑与并行型拼凑——对冗余资源与企业绩效关系的调节作用。此外,我们将冗余资源分为已沉淀冗余和未沉淀冗余,检验两类冗余资源的交互效应对企业绩效的影响。使用来自345家企业的调查数据,发现:(1)对倾向使用选择型拼凑的企业而言,已沉淀冗余对企业绩效有正向影响;对不倾向使用选择型拼凑的企业而言,已沉淀冗余对企业绩效的影响不显著;(2)对倾向使用并行型拼凑的企业而言,已沉淀冗余对企业绩效有负向影响;对不倾向于使用并行型拼凑的企业而言,已沉淀冗余对企业绩效的影响不显著;(3)已沉淀冗余和未沉淀冗余对企业绩效有正向交互作用。与理论预期不同的是,两类创业拼凑对未沉淀冗余和企业绩效关系的调节作用都不显著。研究表明,创业拼凑是企业开发冗余资源的重要方式,企业应当积极鼓励。

Slack resources can be a facilitator of opportunity creation while they also cause inefficiency. To solve the arguments regarding the slack resource-firm performance relationship,the paper investigates the moderating effects of two types of entrepreneurial bricolage,namely,selective bricolage and parallel bricolage. We also consider the interaction effects of absorbed slack and unabsorbed slack resources and obtain initial empirical evidence for our predictions by testing them on 345 validated samples. Our study has the following results:( 1) The relationship between absorbed slack and firm performance turns positive when firms mainly use selective bricolage,but is insignificant when firms have no tendency to use selective bricolage;( 2) The relationship between absorbed slack and firm performance becomes negative when firms mainly use parallel bricolage,but is insignificant when firms tend not to use parallel bricolage;( 3) Absorbed slack and unabsorbed slack have positive interaction effects on performance. Different from our expectation,neither selective bricolage nor parallel bricolage has significant moderating effects on the relationship between unabsorbed slack and performance. The results reveal that entrepreneurial bricolage plays a vital role in the process of slack resource mobilization,but firms should take advantage of selective bricolage,and be cautious about parallel bricolage.