技术进步偏向性的跨国传递效应——来自中美制造业的经验证据

Transnational transfer effect of technical change direction:empirical evidence from manufacturing industry in China and the USA

依据Hicks和Acemoglu的技术进步方向定义,将生产函数设定为CES形式,使用三方程标准化系统方法测定并对比中美制造业22个细分行业技术进步偏向性指数,通过面板数据实证检验中美制造业技术进步偏向性的跨国传递效应。研究发现,中国制造业技术进步整体为资本偏向性,呈逆要素禀赋发展趋势,且与美国制造业技术进步偏向性指数走势基本一致。面板数据的实证检验结果显示,美国制造业技术进步偏向性对中国存在跨国传递效应,中国制造业技术进步资本偏向性主要受美国影响,但存在1-2年的时滞,而要素禀赋结构和自主创新并未使技术进步转向资本。

Based on the definition of Hicks and Acemoglu's technological progress,this paper sets the production function as CES form and applies the three-equation normalized supply-side system to a comparison of the biased technical change indexes of22 sub-sectors in China and the US manufacturing industry. It also examines the transmission effects of technological progress bias across countries by using panel data. The research shows that the directed technical progress in China's manufacturing industry is generally directed to capital,presenting an inverse factor endowments development trend,which basically copies the trend of the technical progress bias index of manufacturing industry in the US. The empirical results of panel data show that there is a transnational transmission effect of the US technological progress bias on China. China 's manufacturing technological progress capital bias is mainly affected by the US,but there is a 1-2 year time lag. Factor endowment structure and indigenous R&D have not turned technology to labor.