民国时期新闻出版人从业生态

Editor's and Reporter's Occupational Ecology in the Era of Republic of China

民国时期是我国新闻出版业从传统向现代全面转型时期,也是报刊新闻业务由政论时代向新闻时代转型的重要时期。由于战争不断,社会长期动荡不安,新闻出版业发展艰难,新闻出版人从业生态也面临着前所未有的艰险性和复杂性。主要表现为战争和敌对势力暗杀恐怖活动,使新闻出版人工作凶险;各方政治势力打压,使得出版艰难,表达受禁,言论自由难以保障;新闻出版条件简陋、从业环境艰苦;技术落后和政治阻碍,导致传播渠道难以畅通;社会动荡导致薪酬收入不稳定,从业人员生活艰辛;新闻出版人职业素质和素养还处在成长期,职业精神、业务能力有待完善。

The period of the Republic of China is a comprehensive transition period of publishing industry from tradition to modern, and it is also an important period of news business transformation from political era to news times. Due to continuing war, long-term social unrest, the press and publication industry development difficulty, editor and reporter＇s occupational ecology faced unprecedented hardship and complexity. The hardships mainly manifested as the war and terrorist activities of the assassination of hostile forces made reporter＇s and publisher＇s work dangerous; various political forces to suppress made the publication being hard, free expression being prohibited, freedom of speech being difficult to guarantee; press and publication in primitive conditions and difficult working environment; backward technology and political obstacles lead to difficult communication; social unrest caused salary income unstable and hard living of practitioners; publishers professional quality was still in the period of growth stage, professional spirit and their business ability needed to be imt^roved.