有精神病风险综合征的大学生的压力知觉和应对方式

Perceived stress and coping style in college students with psychosis-risk syndrome

目的:探讨有精神病风险综合征的大学生的压力知觉、应对方式特征及其与症状间的关系。方法:采用两阶段评估方法对3160名本科生用精神病前驱期问卷16项版本(PQ-16)进行初筛,对阳性者(PQ-16≥9)进行精神病风险综合征结构式访谈(SIPS)并识别出精神病风险综合征(PRS)个体22例(PRS组)。从PQ-16<9分者中随机选取年龄、性别、教育程度相匹配的正常对照22例(对照组)。使用压力知觉量表(CPSS)、特质应对方式问卷(TCSQ)、Zung抑郁自评量表(SDS)测查PRS组和对照组的主观压力、应对方式和抑郁症状。结果:PRS组CPSS总分[(34±8)vs.(22±8)]及失控感[(16±5)vs.(10±4)]、紧张感[(18±4)vs.(12±5)]得分高于对照组(均P<0.05),TCSQ的积极应对[(31±6)vs.(37±4)]得分低于对照组(P<0.05),消极应对[(35±5)vs.(28±7)]得分高于对照组(P<0.01)。PRS组CPSS总分与TCSQ的消极应对得分呈正相关(r=0.57,P<0.01),CPSS得分、TCSQ的消极应对得分与SDS得分呈正相关(r=0.86、0.66,P<0.01),CPSS、TCSQ得分与SIPS中精神病风险症状得分相关无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:有精神病风险综合征的大学生存在高压力知觉并倾向于消极应对方式,压力知觉和消极应对方式与抑郁症状呈正相关。

Objective： To investigate the characteristics of perceived stress and coping style and their relation- ship withsymptoms in college students with psychosis-risk syndrome （ PRS）. Methods- A two-stage screening process was conducted in 3160 college students. Participants were screened with 16-Item Version of the Prodromal Questionnaire （PQ-16）. The students with scores of PQ-16 39 were further interviewed with Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes （SIPS）. Twenty-two individuals who met the criteria of PRS on SIPS were enrolled as the PRS group. The control group （n = 22） were randomly selected from the participants with scores of PQ-l 6 〈 9 who were matched with age, gender and education level. Two groups were assessed with Chinese Perceived Stress Scale （CPSS）, Trait Coping Style Questionnaire （TCSQ） and Self-rating depression scale （SDS） to measure subjective stress, coping style and depressive symptoms. Results： PRS group reported higher CPSS total scores [ （34 ± 8）vs.（22 ±8）] and negative coping styles scores[ （35 ± 5）vs. （28 ± 7）], and lowerTCSQ positive coping styles scores [ （31± 6）vs. （37 v 4）] than the controls （Ps 〈 0. 05）. The CPSS scores in PRS group were positively correlated with the scores of negative coping style （r = 0. 57, P 〈 0. 01）, and the SDS scores were positively correlated with CPSS total scores and scores of negative coping style （r =0. 86, 0. 66, Ps 〈0. 01）. There was no significant relation of psychosis-risk symptoms to scores of CPSS and TCSQ （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion： It suggests that college students with PRS have a higher perceived stress and tend to use more negative coping style, which may be positively corre- lated with depression,