2015年江苏省地方性氟中毒防治健康教育效果评估

Evaluation of health promotion effect on endemic fluorosis in Jiangsu province

目的了解江苏省地方性氟中毒病区目标人群对地方性氟中毒防治知识的认知情况,并对健康教育效果进行评估。方法 2015年,结合地方性氟中毒防治工作实际,选择江苏省病情较重的12个县(区)36个乡(镇),在乡镇中心小学校4~6年级及所辖3个村开展地方性氟中毒的健康教育活动。健康教育实施前后,抽取学生、家庭主妇进行饮水型氟中毒防治知识的问卷调查,比较教育效果。结果小学生与家庭主妇地方性氟中毒防治知识知晓率,健康教育干预前分别为64.17%、65.00%,健康教育干预后分别为95.28%、95.93%,干预后均高于干预前(P值均<0.05)。健康教育干预前及干预后,小学生和家庭主妇地方性氟中毒防治知识知晓率差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。结论实施健康教育干预措施后,小学生和家庭主妇的地方性氟中毒防治知识知晓率均显著提高,达到了预期效果。

Objective To find out awareness of endemic fluorosis-related knowledge in Jiangsu province; to evaluate the health promotion intervention effect on endemic fluorosis. Methods According to local prevention and control for endemic fluorosis, 36 towns from 12 counties （districts） with serious prevalence in Jiangsu province were selected, health education activities were carried out among 4^th to 6^th grades in central primary schools and 3 administrated villages in 2015. Before and after the health promotion activities, students and housewives were selected for questionnaire surveys on knowledge of endemic fluorosis in each project country. The health promotion effect was evaluated. Results After health promotion interventions, the awareness rates of endemic fluorosis-related knowledge among students and the housewives were 95. 280/00 and 95.93 %, respectively; which were higher than those before the intervention （64. 17% and 65.00~, respectively）, the differences were statistically significant（all P〈0. 05）. Before and after the health educational activities, the rates of knowledge awareness rates between students housewives had no statistically significant differences （all P〉0.05）. Conclusion After the health educational interventions, the rates of klaowledge awareness rates in students and housewives both increased significantly. The results showed that health promotion project was effective and the expected goal was achieved.