广州七星岗古海岸遗迹的发现及其科学意义

Discovery and Scientific Significance of Qixinggang Relics of Ancient Coast,Guangzhou

文章论述吴尚时1937年发现并报道的广州东南郊七星岗海岸侵蚀地形及其附近松岗海积沙堤地形,论证吴尚时是珠江河口三角洲地区古海岸地形的首先发现者以及该古海岸地形形成于全新世中期全球海平面上升珠江河口发生桂州海进8―2 ka BP时段。指出七星岗古海岸地形的发现具有重要科学意义,表明中国学者的科研能力媲美同时代的洋学者,这一发现支撑了珠江三角洲的存在,同时为中国古籍对珠江河口湾演变的记述提供了实物证据,数十年来它在高等专业教学实习、科学研究、大众科学知识普及、社会文化教育中发挥了重要的作用,让多代地质、地理、海洋人才从中受益,并对珠江河口三角洲的整治与开发作出了很大的贡献。广州市政府1956年将七星岗古海岸遗址列为广州市重点文物,1983年广东省地理学会决定在该处建立纪念碑,近年建造七星岗古海岸遗址科学公园,这是对七星岗古海岸地形遗迹实施有效保护与发挥科教作用的绝佳举措。吴尚时重视野外考察,实事求是,不迷信、不盲从、善思考、勇探索、勤写作、贡献真知灼见的科学创新精神,值得我们学习。

It is discussed in this paper about the discovery and report of coastal erosion landform in Qixinggang and barrier-lagoon system landform in Songgang of the southeastern suburb of Guangzhou by Wu Shangshi in 1937. Wu Shangshi is proved to be the first discoverer of ancient coastal landform in the Pearl River （Zhujiang） Estuary and Delta area, which formed in the middle Holocene while global sea-level rising and Guizhou transgression in Pearl River Estuary in 8-2 ka BP. The discovery has important scientific significance and shows that the research capacity of Chinese scholars can rival the contemporary foreign counterparts. The discovery supports the existence of Pearl River Delta and provides evidences in kind for the record of the evolution of the Pearl River Estuary in Chinese ancient books, while playing a major role in teaching practice, scientific research, public knowledge popularization and social-culture education in past decades. Several generations of geological, geographical and marine talents benefited from Qixinggang relics of ancient coast. The discussion and study of the erosion landform of Qixinggang promotes the development of geomorphology, Quaternary geology, paleooceanography, paleogeography, estuarine and coastal research in Guangzhou area and global change study. There is more achievement and talents in the formation and development of Pearl River Delta, which devoted in the regulation of Pearl River Estuary Delta. Qixinggang relics of ancient coast were listed as city-level key historical relic by Guangzhou government in 1956 and monument was set up there by Guangdong Geographical Society in 1983. The scientific park of Qixinggang relics of ancient coast is being built, while the first stage project has been commissioned and sculpture of Wu Shangshi has been unveiled. All of those would be good for the efficient protection and teaching and researching of Qixinggang relics of ancient coastal landform. We should learn from Wu Shangshi with his scientific innovation spirit of emphasizing on field-study, seeking truth from the facts, no superstitions, no blind obedience, bold exploration, and hard writing.