毛腿鼠耳蝠、亚洲长翼蝠和栗鼠耳蝠斑驳白化现象

The Piebaldism of Fringer Long-Footer Myotis(Myotis fimbriatus), Schreber′s Long-Fingered Bat(Miniopterus fuliginosus) and Chestnut Myotis(Myotis badius)

斑驳白化是一种先天性颜色失调表型,在翼手目中较为罕见。2016年5月至8月期间,分别在3个省份共发现3种存在斑驳白化现象蝙蝠。在河南省内乡县七里坪乡北湾村,发现1只怀孕雌性斑驳白化毛腿鼠耳蝠(Myotis fimbriatus),斑驳区域包括背部左侧区域及腹部左侧边缘一带。在陕西省柞水县下梁镇,发现1只怀孕雌性斑驳白化亚洲长翼蝠(Miniopterus fuliginosus),斑驳部位包括背部下端、腹部底端股骨边缘、左右股骨、尾骨及小部分尾膜区域。在云南省晋宁县双河乡法古甸村,发现2只斑驳白化雄性栗鼠耳蝠(Myotis badius),斑驳区域分别为背部左下侧和背颈部一侧,区域面积较小。其中,毛腿鼠耳蝠和栗鼠耳蝠的斑驳白化现象为国内首次报道。此外,通过测量蝙蝠体重、前臂长等体型参数,并与同种正常个体进行比较,发现斑驳白化亚洲长翼蝠体重偏大,1只斑驳白化栗鼠耳蝠前臂长偏大,其余斑驳白化蝙蝠体型数据均在正常范围内,表明斑驳白化现象对蝙蝠的正常生存与繁殖未造成严重影响。这为将来斑驳白化蝙蝠的生理生态研究提供科学依据。

Piebaldism, a phenotype of congenital chromatic disorder, is rare in the Chiroptera. Here reported are four piebald bats from three species in three provinces of China during May and August 2016. First, we captured a pregnant female Fringer Long-Footer Myotis （Myotis fimbriatus） with piebaldism on its back at a canal cave in Neixiang County, Henan Province （Fig. 1a, b）. Second, a pregnant female Schreber′s Long-Fingered bat （Miniopterus fuliginosus）, captured at a cave in Zhashui County, Shanxi Province, exhibited some piebaldism on the back, tail membrane, tail bone and thigh bone （Fig. 1c, d）. Finally, two male Chestnut Myotis （Myotis badius）, captured in Jinning County, Yunnan Province, had slight piebaldism in left side of the back （Fig. 1e） and in the side of back and neck, respectively （Fig. 1f）. The piebaldism of M. fuliginosus and M. badius is reported for the first time in China. Moreover, morphological parameters （e.g. body mass and forearm length） were measured with a digital caliper （TESA-CAL IP67, Switzerland） and electronic balance （MH. DIAMOND I2000）. All bats were immediately released into their roosts after taken photos （HDR-CX760E, SONY）. SPSS （SPSS Statistics version 17, IBM） was used to test the difference in morphological characteristics between piebaldism and health individuals. Analyses showed that the body mass of M. fuliginosus with piebaldism was larger than that of normal individual, and the forearm length of M. badius with piebaldism was larger than that of normal individual, the other morphological parameters of bats with piebaldism, however, were within the normal range （Table 1）. Therefore, our results suggested that piebaldism had no serious influence on its normal survival and reproduction. This study provides the scientific basis for further research on physiological ecology of piebald bats.