南海北部海域中国枪乌贼角质颚的形态学分析

Morphological analysis of beaks of Uroteuthis chinensis in the northern South China Sea

角质颚是头足类的重要硬组织,已成为头足类渔业生物学及海洋生态学等重要研究材料之一。此研究利用2015年在南海北部海域采集的102尾中国枪乌贼(Uroteuthis chinensis)样本,测定其个体以及角质颚形态学参数,使用主成分分析法获得其角质颚主要形态特征参数,分析角质颚特征参数与胴长(ML)、性成熟等的关系,建立主要形态参数与胴长和体质量(BW)的关系模型。主成分分析表明,上头盖长(UHL)、上脊突长(UCL)、上侧壁长(ULWL)、下侧壁长(LLWL)、上喙宽(URW)、下喙长(LRL)可代表中国枪乌贼角质颚的形态特征。UHL、UCL、ULWL、LLWL与胴长之间以指数模型为最佳,URW、LRL与胴长之间以线性模型为最佳。UHL、UCL、ULWL、LLWL与体质量之间以线性模型为最适,URW与体质量之间以幂函数模型为最适,LRL与体质量之间以对数模型为最适。性成熟及生长对角质颚形态参数特征UHL/UCL影响无统计学意义(P>0.05)。

Beaks are important hard tissues for cephalopods and have become one of the important research materials of cephalopods in fields of fishery biology and marine ecology. Based on the beaks of Uroteuthis chinensis collected during September 2015, we measured their external morphological parameters. According to the principal component analysis, the primary morphology parameters of beaks are upper hood length （ UHL）, upper crest length （ UCL）, upper lateral wall length （ ULWL）, lower lateral wall length （ LLWL）, upper rostrum width （URW） and lower rostrum length （ LRL）, which are regarded as typical morphological characteristics of beaks of U. chinensis. Besides, we analyzed the relationship between primary morphology parameters of beaks and their size and sexual maturity, and then established the models between the primary morphological parameters and length and weight. The relationship between UHL, UCL, ULWL, LLWL and mantle length （ML） can be described with exponential models, while the relationship between URW, LRL and ML can be described with linear models. The optimal relationship is between UHL, UCL, ULWL, LLWL and body weight （BW）. The relationship between URW, LRL and BW is the best for power function model and logarithm model, respectively.It is also found that the effect of sexual maturity and size on morphologieal parameters UHL/UCL of beaks is not significant （ P 〉 0. 05）.