提高抗重茬菌剂对向日葵黄萎病的防治能力

Improving the Control Ability of Anti-Cropping Agent on Sunflower Verticillium wilt

向日葵黄萎病是内蒙古地区向日葵生产中主要病害,并呈现发病面积逐年加大、病情加重的态势。2016年在内蒙古巴彦淖尔市临河区选用5个向日葵品种、4种抗重茬菌剂开展对向日葵黄萎病防治试验。结果表明:人工穴播法的防治效果显著高于机械沟施法;不同抗重茬菌剂的粉剂防治效果好于颗粒剂;在施入抗重茬菌剂后进行浇水处理的防治效果高达84.4%,而浇水后施入抗重茬菌剂的防效达73.9%;同时选用抗病品种SH363加抗重茬菌剂处理对黄萎病的防效达79.5%,而感病品种LD5009加抗重茬菌剂的防治效果仅为33.5%。因此,选用抗重茬菌剂的粉剂,采用人工穴播法,结合后续的灌水处理和选用抗病品种,能够显著提高抗重茬菌剂对向日葵黄萎病的防治效果,防治效果达79.5%以上。

Verticillium wilt is the main disease on sunflower in Inner Mongolia planting area, with the aggravating trend and the incidence increased gradually. In 2016, 5 sunflower varieties, 4 anti cropping agents were chosed for testing the control efficiency of anti- continuous cropping agents on sunflower verticillium wilt in Linhe town, Bayannaoer city, Inner Mongolia. Our results suggested that the control efficiency of artificial planting was significantly better than that of the mechanical furrow, and the control efficiency of the powder was better than that of the granules. The highest control efficiency of fertilizing anti continuous cropping agent achieved 84.4% before watering, and 73.9% after watering. The control efficiency by using resistant cultivar SH363 was 79.5%, but the efficiency on susceptible varieties LD5009 was only 33.5%. Therefore, the usage of powder formulation, combined with subsequent irrigation on resistant varieties could significantly improve the control efficiency on sunflower verticfflium wilt.