全球气压气温模型在中国地区的精度分析

Accuracy Analyses of Global Pressure and Temperature Model in China

为检验全球气压气温模型在中国地区的精度,基于我国29个探空站2015-03~2016-02期间实测的气压和气温数据,比较分析分别由GPT模型及最新的GPT2w_5和GPT2w_1模型导出的气压和气温结果。实验结果表明,中国地区3种气象模型均有明显的季节性且对纬度变化敏感,GPT2w_5与GPT2w_1模型精度相当,二者的气压和气温精度较GPT模型均有明显提高,但对于个别异常值,GPT2w_1模型较GPT2w_5模型表现出更好的鲁棒性。

The global pressure and temperature model （GPT） is an empirical model providing pressure and temperature at any site in the vicinity of the earth＇s surface. Aiming at mitigating the shortages of GPT, the GPT2w model is presented, which provides more meteorological data, with a higher horizontal resolution of 5° （GPT2w_5 model） and 1° （GPT2w_1 model）. In order to test the accuracy of pressure and temperature of GPT, GPT2w_5 and GPT2w_1 model, the performance of the three models are compared and analyzed at se- lected sites, based on 1 year （2015.3 to 2016.2） high-precision sounding data from 29 sounding sites in Chi- na. The results show that all three models have obvious seasonality and sensitivity to latitude change; the GPT2w_1 model performs as well as the GPT2w _5 model and significantly better than the GPT model; but compared with the GPT2w_5 model, the GPT2w_1 model is more robust.