儿童孤独感对网络交往的影响:交往动机的中介作用

The Effect of Children's Loneliness on Network Communication: The Intermediary Role of Communication Motivations

目的:考察儿童孤独感、网络交往与交往动机的关系,探索交往动机在孤独感与网络交往时长中的中介作用。方法:方便抽取广州市3所小学和2所初中的9~15岁儿童688名进行孤独感量表、网络交往问卷、交往动机问卷的调查。结果:(1)初中生在孤独感和网络交往时长、交往动机上均显著高于小学生;独生儿童的孤独感和社会融入与社交补偿等两个交往动机强于非独生儿童。(2)孤独感与儿童网络交往时长和交往动机的两两之间,均存在显著正相关。(3)网络交往动机在儿童孤独感和网络交往时长之间起完全中介作用。结论:少年儿童的孤独感和网络交往状况值得持续关注,儿童孤独感既直接预测网络交往时长,又通过交往动机间接预测网络交往时长。

This study aims to explore the relationship between children＇s loneliness, network communication and communication motivations, as well as the intermediary role of communication motivations in loneliness and the duration of network communication, by testing 688 children aged 9-15 from 3 primary schools and 2 lower secondary schools in Guangzhou City with the loneliness scale, the questionnaire for Internet communications and the questionnaire for communication motivations. The results show the following： （1） The lower secondary school students scored significantly higher than the primary school students in loneliness, the duration of network communications and communication motivations; the only children scored higher than the others in loneliness, social integration motivation and social compensation motivation; （2） there were significantly positive correlations between the children＇s loneliness, duration of network communications and communication motivations;and （3） their network communication motivations mediated between their loneliness and duration of network communications. The study concludes that attention must be paid to children＇s loneliness and network communications, and that children＇s loneliness can be used to directly predict the duration of network communications and indirectly predict it through their communication motivations.