2016年6月4日华南一次罕见强对流天气过程分析

Analysis of an Unusually Severe Convective Weather Process in the South of China June 4,2016

利用ECMWF的ERAdata再分析资料、Micaps实况数据、多普勒雷达产品以及自动气象站观测数据等资料,对2016年6月4日发生在广东省的一次强对流天气过程进行了分析。结果表明:该次发生在西南暖湿气流中的罕见强对流天气呈现出典型的强飑线特征,属于低层暖平流强迫型;前期高温高湿的闷热天气状态、充沛的水汽供应和水汽的辐合,以及中尺度能量锋的形成,都非常有利于强对流天气的发生发展;水汽通量散度对强对流天气的发生发展有非常重要的指示意义;垂直速度的负值大值中心不但开始于对流层中高层,而且在发展过程中由中心向下传递;多个对流单体和超级单体在雷达回波图上呈典型的弓形回波特征,且长时间维持,产生了强风、雷暴、冰雹等强对流天气现象。

The ERAdata reanalysis of ECMWF, Micaps observations, Doppler products and automatic weather stations data are used to study the process of an unusually severe weather process that happened June 4, 2016. The result is shown as follows. It happened in a southwesterly warm and humid airflow, presenting typical characteristics of a severe squall and belonging to the type of low-level warm advection forcing. Prior to the process, it was hot and humid, water vapor was sufficient and convergent, and a mesoscale energy front formed, contributing to the genesis and development of the severe convective weather. Divergence of water vapor flux is essentially indicative of the genesis and development of severe convective weather. Beginning to develop at the mid- and higher- levels of the troposphere, the center of maximum negative velocity transmitted downwards. Multiple convective cells and super cells show typical arch-shaped characteristics on the radar echo, which maintained over an extended period of time and gave rise to strong wind, thunderstorms and hail.