不同分级阿尔茨海默病营养状况分析

Nutritional status of different grades of Alzheimer's disease

目的探讨不同分级阿尔茨海默病患者的营养状况。方法选取依据临床痴呆评价量表(CDR)确诊的阿尔茨海默病患者36例,并根据CDR对患者进行程度划分,分为CDR 0.5~1.0级、CDR 2.0级、CDR 3.0级。依据微型营养评价量表对患者营养状况进行评估,微型营养评价量表包括人体测量学、饮食评估、综合临床评估以及自我营养状况认知评估。人体测量学指标包括身高、体质量、体质量指数、腰围、臀围、臂围、腹围及腰臀比。比较并分析各分级患者微型营养评价量表得分情况。结果微型营养调查量表显示,55.5%患者为营养不良,43.7%患者为低体质量状态。微型营养评价量表得分,CDR 0.5~1.0级为(23.1±2.4)分、CDR 2.0级为(21.7±3.4)分、CDR 3.0级为(18.4±2.9)分。CDR 3.0级患者评分明显低于CDR 0.5~1.0级患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论阿尔茨海默病患者年龄较大,且多伴有营养不良及低体质量状态。病情程度重的阿尔茨海默症患者营养不良情况更为严重。

Objective To investigate the nutritional status of different grades of Alzheimer’sdisease（ AD）. Methods According to Clinical Dementia Rating（ CDR）,36 cases of AD patients were selected and divided into grade of CDR 0. 5 to 1. 0,CDR 2. 0 and CDR3. 0. Nutritional status measurement was evaluated using the Mini Nutritional Assessment（ MNA） and anthropometricmeasurements such as hight,weight,body mass index（ BMI）,waist,hip circumferences,arm,abdomen and waist-to-hip ratio. The score of MNA was analyzed. Results The MNAshowed that most of these individuals were at risk formalnutrition（ 55. 5%） and many of them（ 43. 7%）wereunderweight according to BMI. The MNA showed that grade of CDR 0. 5 to 1. 0 was（ 23. 1 ± 2. 4）,grade of CDR 2. 0 was（ 21. 7 ± 3. 4） and grade of CDR 3. 0 was（ 18. 4 ± 2. 9）. The score of grade of CDR 3. 0 was significantly lower than that of grade of CDR 0. 5 to 1. 0,and the difference was statistical significant（ P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusion Patients with Alzheimer’ s disease are older and more often with malnutrition and low body mass index. People with severe Alzheimer’s disease are more malnourished.