骨髓间充质干细胞修复辐射造血损伤的机制

Underlying mechanism of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in the repair of radiation-induced hematopoietic injury

背景:骨髓间充质干细胞与造血干细胞共移植,可提高辐射损伤的生存率。目的:对骨髓间充质干细胞在辐射损伤后造血重建及免疫调节方面的研究机制作一综述。方法:以"mesenchymalstem cells,radiation,radiation injury,hematopoietic stem cells,hematopoietic reconstitution,immunomodulatory"为关键词,应用计算机检索Web of science数据库2005到2016年的文献,选择性纳入与文章主题密切相关的文献。结果与结论:骨髓间充质干细胞能通过自噬及快速启动HR/NHEJ途径修复DNA断裂双键,通过细胞间相互作用、旁分泌作用保护与支持造血干细胞,通过抑制炎症与免疫反应维持造血微环境稳态,有效修复电离辐射导致的造血损伤。所以间充质干细胞可能有资格作为辐射导致的造血损伤的有效治疗手段。

BACKGROUND： Co-transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells（BMSCs） and hematopoietic stem cells（HSCs） can improve the survival rate following radiation damage. OBJECTIVE： To review the mechanisms of BMSCs in hematopoietic reconstitution and immunomodulation after radiation damage. METHODS： Relevant articles included in the Web of science from 2005 to 2016 were retrieved, and the keywords were ＂mesenchymal stem cells; radiation; radiation injury; hematopoietic stem cells; hematopoieticreconstitution; immunomodulatory＂ in English. Then we sorted and analyzed the articles which were closely related to the theme. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： BMSCs can repair broken DNA double bonds by autophagy and HR/NHEJ pathway; support and protect HSCs by intercellular interactions and paracrine action; and repair radiation-induced hematopoietic injury by inhibiting inflammation and immune responses to maintain HSC homeostasis. Therefore, BMSCs may function as an effective treatment for radiation-induced hematopoietic injury.