前交叉韧带损伤与干细胞的治疗

Anterior cruciate ligament injury and stem cell therapy

背景:有研究报道,前交叉韧带有着在非手术情况下康复的潜力,韧带的某些与细胞修复有关的细胞因子以及干细胞或祖细胞等生物因素影响着前交叉韧带的愈合。目的:综述间充质干细胞与前交叉韧带损伤治愈联系的相关文献,了解最终分化为前交叉韧带的干细胞/祖细胞的潜力,为利用间充质干细胞治疗前交叉韧带损伤提供依据。方法:第一作者检索Pub Med数据库的相关文献。检索词为"ACL regeneration stem/progenitor cells mesenchymal stem cells"。查阅近年来相关文献,包括综述、临床研究和基础研究,最终纳入45文献。结果与结论:近年来,对细胞治疗前交叉韧带损伤以及肌肉骨骼再生有了大量的研究,但是干细胞的使用还远远达不到日常临床治疗的需要,最适宜前交叉韧带再生的干细胞的来源以及它们最合适的注入点仍有待确定。尽管采用间充质干细胞治疗前交叉韧带损伤成功的例子已经在动物模型中报告,但仍然不清楚是否干细胞的营养因子可以改善再生或这些细胞自身可以形成新的组织。

BACKGROUND： Anterior cruciate ligament（ACL） has been reported to hold a self-recovery potential, which may be related to certain cytokines and biological factors, such as stem cells or progenitor cells.OBJECTIVE： To review the literatures about the relationship between mesenchymal stem cells and ACL injuries, and understand the potential of stem cells or progenitor cells differentiating into ACL, thus providing a basis for the clinical use of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of ACL injury. METHODS： A computer-based online research of Pub Med databases was performed to collect articles including reviews, clinical trials and basic studies using the English keywords of ＂ACL regeneration, stem/progenitor cells, mesenchymal stem cells＂. Forty-five eligible articles were included finally. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： In recent years, there are a lot of studies addressing the treatment of ACL injuries and muscle/bone regeneration, but the use of stem cells is still far from the clinical requirements. The source of stem cells suitable for the ACL regeneration and their most suitable injection points are under discussion. Although the mesenchymal stem cells have been reported to successfully repair ACL injury in animal models, either trophic factors of stem cells or these cells themselves improving the regeneration remains unclear.