云南籼稻主栽品种对白背飞虱的抗性筛选

Screening and identifying the resistance of major indica rice cultivars to white-backed planthopper in Yunnan Province

为明确云南籼稻主栽品种对白背飞虱Sogatella furcifera(Horváth)的抗虫性及其影响产量的水稻关键生育期,为抗虫品种选育和推广提供参考依据,本文利用苗期和分蘖盛期单株接虫鉴定、成株期(移栽期—乳熟期)田间自然种群发生鉴定等方法,测定了云南籼稻区31个水稻主栽品种对白背飞虱的抗虫性及其产量。结果表明,苗期有7个品种表现高抗,23个品种表现中抗—中感,1个品种表现高感;分蘖期有20个品种表现高抗,有11个表现中抗—中感;成株期田间自然种群鉴定,31个品种成株期白背飞虱田间自然种群的累计虫量都超过了对照品种TN1,均表现为感虫。单株接虫鉴定多数品种表现抗虫,而大田期自然种群鉴定则全部表现为感虫,一定程度说明了云南籼稻区主栽品种对白背飞虱具有耐害性而无抗生性。移栽期、孕穗期、抽穗期百丛虫量与有效穗数呈显著的负相关性;移栽期、孕穗期和抽穗期的百丛虫量是造成有效穗数少和产量低的关键因子。移栽期、孕穗期和抽穗期是防治白背飞虱的关键时期。

In order to provide the basis for insect-resistant variety breeding,the resistance of major indica rice cultivars to white-backed planthopper（WBPH）,Sogatella furcifera（Horváth）was identified in Yunnan Province,and the influence on rice yield at different rice growing period were also evaluated.Thirty one major varieties of rice cultivated in Yunnan were used to determine their resistance to white-backed planthopper by tests on single plant inoculated at seedling stage and tillering stage,as well as field population survey and yields determination.Inoculation tests at seedling stage showed that 7 varieties were resistant,23 varieties moderately resistant or moderately susceptible,and1 varieties susceptible to WBPH.Inoculation tests at tillering stage showed that 20 varieties were resistant,while 11 varieties moderately resistant or moderately susceptible.In field natural conditions,the WBPH incidence on all the 31 varieties was more than that on the control varieties TN1,indicating that all 31 varieties in field conditions were susceptible to WBPH.Majority of the tested varieties exhibited resistance characteristics when inoculated in seedling and tillering stages,but susceptible to WBPH in field conditions,which showed to some extent that the major indica rice cultivars in Yunnan Province have the tolerance but no antibiosis to WBPH.The correlation between the WBPH population per 100 hills at transplanting,booting or heading stages and rice effective panicles was negatively significant.The transplanting,booting and heading stages are the critical stages for low yield and less effective panicle caused by WBPH damage,thus are the key periods for the WBPH control.