熔融沉积增材制造成形碳纤维复合材料的力学性能

Mechanical properties of carbon fiber composite in fused deposition modeling of additive manufacturing

采用CF/PLA复合材料,应用熔融沉积成形(FDM)工艺制备了拉伸、弯曲、冲击试件,与纯PLA试件、注塑PLA试件、注塑CF/PLA试件、ABS试件,进行了单轴拉伸、三点弯曲和冲击实验。研究了各个试件的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、弯曲强度、弯曲模量和冲击强度,得到了拉伸应力—应变曲线和弯曲载荷—位移曲线。结果表明:应用FDM工艺成形的CF/PLA复合材料具有较好的力学性能,其抗拉强度是纯PLA试件的1.27倍,注塑PLA的1.04倍,最大弯曲载荷、弯曲强度和弯曲模量,分别是纯PLA试件的122.10%、133.33%和156.44%;冲击强度比纯PLA增加15.84%,比注塑PLA提高9.95%,但断裂伸长率下降。

The tensile, flexural, impact specimens of CF/PLA composite material were prepared by fused deposition modeling （FDM） process. Then the uniaxial tensile, three point flexural and impact experiments were carried out for CF/PLA specimens, pure PLA specimens, injection PLA specimens, injection CF/PLA specimens and ABS specimens. The tensile strength, elonga- tion at break, flexural strength, flexural modulus and impact strength were studied. Meanwhile, the tensile stress-strain curve and flexural load-displacement curve were obtained. The result shows that CF/PLA composite formed by FDM has better mechan- ical properties. The tensile strength of CF/PLA composite is 1.27 times and 1.04 times as high as pure PLA and injection PLA specimens, respectively; compared with pure PLA specimens, the maximum flexural load, flexural strength, flexural modulus of CF/PLA composite are improved by 22. 10% , 33.33% , 56.44% , respectively; compared with pure PLA and injection PLA specimens, the impact strength of CF/PLA composite increases by 15.84% and 9.95 % , respectively, and the elongation at break decreases.