基于GMS的吐鲁番盆地地下水资源量模拟预测

GMS-based Simulation and Prediction of Groundwater Resources in the Turpan Basin

吐鲁番盆地位于我国西北内陆,蒸发强烈,降水稀少,地下水是非常重要甚至是唯一的淡水资源。为了能够探明吐鲁番盆地地下水资源量的构成,通过数据收集、现场调查和水文地质实验获得了一系列的参数,利用GMS软件建立了吐鲁番盆地地下水的非稳定流模型;并且基于现状开采条件下对吐鲁番盆地的地下水做了20 a预测。模拟结果显示:吐鲁番盆地的地下水可采资源量约为4.42×10~8m^3·a^(-1),现状开采条件下到2031年的地下水位下降幅度最高为13 m。由于吐鲁番盆地开采地下水主要用于农业灌溉,故吐鲁番盆地的绿洲面积不会减少,但为了合理利用地下水资源,应该调节该地区的供水结构,加大农业用水节水设备的使用。

The Turpan Basin is located in the inland in northwest China. Because of the intensive evaporation and scarce precipitation,groundwater is the very important or even the only fresh water resources. In order to ascertain the components of groundwater resources in the Turpan Basin,in this research a non-steady numerical model of groundwater in the Turpan Basin was developed by the data collection,field study and a series of hydrogeological experiments,in which the GMS software was used; based on the status of exploitation,the volumes of groundwater resources in the Turpan Basin in 20 years were simulated. The results showed that the annual volume of exploitable groundwater resources in the Turpan Basin was 4. 42 × 10~8m^3,and the maximum drawdown of groundwater level will be 13 m in 2031. The pumped groundwater is mainly used for irrigation,so the area of oasis in the Turpan Basin will not be reduced. However,it is suggested to pay great attention to the regulation of water supply structure and water-saving irrigation.