都市的魅像与“呼愁”——解读帕慕克《我脑袋里的怪东西》的伊斯坦布尔街道

The City's Phantasmagoria and Hüzün: On Istanbul's Streets in The Strangeness in My Mind by Pamuk

伊斯坦布尔是帕慕克小说永恒的主角。在其第九部作品《我脑袋里的怪东西》中,帕慕克首次抽离于自己擅长刻画的西化富裕阶层视角下的伊斯坦布尔,转向关注底层民众、特别是乡下移居者的城市经验。本文试图通过主人公,定居伊斯坦布尔的钵扎小贩麦夫鲁特一生寒来暑往的行走,分析街道是如何成为都市魅像衍射的舞台的:一个充满社会隐喻的言说空间、一个乡下移民与宿主城市之间互视共存的日常位所、一个助力个体实现自我认知的灵魂场域,从而进一步挖掘伊斯坦布尔"呼愁"的现实意义,探讨受困于现代转型的传统都市的发展要义。

The city of Istanbul plays a key role in Pamuk＇s writings. In The Strangeness in My Mind, his ninth novel, Pamuk diverts his attention for the first time from the Istanbul that he feels at ease depicting as a member of the rich westernized class, to urban experience of the people living at the bottom of the society, such as rural migrants in particular. This paper aims to analyze how Istanbul＇s streets are transformed, by the novel＇s protagonist, a street vendor of boza, and his walking, into a theatrical stage of the city＇s phantasmagoria： a space of discourse filled with social metaphors, a place of mutual inspection and co-existence between rural migrants and the city, as well as a soul-reaching field for self-awareness realization, in order to demonstrate the significance of ＂Huzun＂ and to examine the development of traditional cities challenged by modem transformation nowadays.