“言行趣舍,各以类书”——袁宏《后汉纪》历史叙事的方法和特点

Variegated Figures for Variegated Writing:Yuan Hong's Narrative Methods and Characteristics in His Hou Han Ji

从中国古代历史叙事的发展历程来看,东晋袁宏所撰《后汉纪》因其扩大了编年体史书写人物的叙事空间,而具有重要价值和代表性。《后汉纪》一书,在编年纪事的格局之中,以"言行趣舍,各以类书"的形式和标准,巧妙地处理了历史人物在编年体史书中的位置;以"观其名迹,想见其人"为目的,通过细节描写、载言、载文等方法,揭示各种历史人物的个性特征和精神面貌;以"名教"观念作为叙述和评价历史人物的准则,从而贯彻了"通古今而笃名教"的撰述宗旨。上述三个方面的结合,构成了《后汉纪》历史叙事的风格和主要特点。

Yuan Hong＇s Hou Han Ji is a valuable and representing work in Chinese historiography in its contribution of extending the narrative space of biographical writing. This book at least features in three following aspects： variegated writing in annalistic style and standard in subtle treatment of various historical figures; representing distinct figure in his words and acts ; Commenting historical figures by the criteria of the Confucian ethical code.