博斯腾湖小湖区景观动态变化特征

Landscape Dynamic Changes of Small Lakes in Bosten Lake

以博斯腾湖小湖区为研究区,采用5个不同时期Landsat影像为基本数据源,利用景观转换系数,结合景观转化幅度,分析近22a博斯腾湖小湖区景观动态变化特征。研究结果表明:近22a博斯腾湖小湖区湿生景观面积占50%~54%和旱地景观面积占46%~50%,旱地景观面积与湿生景观面积之间最大比例相差8%;1994~2001年景观转换幅度为172.8km2,占总面积的21.3%,向湿生景观转换阶段,总体上斑块向湿生景观转化;2001~2015年景观转换幅度为-168.7km2,占总面积的20.4%,向旱地景观转换阶段,总体上斑块向旱地景观转化;1994~2006年博斯腾湖小湖区以转换系数为±3的大面积景观转换为主,干湿动态变化强烈,变化强烈区主要分布在小湖区的北侧外缘区、内部变化较为缓和;2006~2015年湿地以转换系数为±1、±2的小面积景观转换为主,干湿动态变化相对缓和、稳定,小湖区内部景观类型变化弱,景观变化的主要发生区域在小湖区的外缘地区。

Taking the small lakes of Bosten Lake as the study area,with five different time phase of the Landsat images as the basic data sources,using landscape conversion coefficient was analyzed,combining with the landscape transformation,the Lake landscape dynamic change characteristics of the study area were analyzed in recent 22 years.The results showed that：the characteristics of the wetland landscape area accounted for 50%to 54%,and the dry-land landscape area accounted for 46%to 50%,and the dry land landscape area and wet area was the biggest difference between 8%;From 1994 to 2001to convert an amplitude of landscape 172.8km^2,21.3% of the total area,the wetland landscape conversion phase,the overall conversion to wet patch of landscape;From 2001 to 2015 the conversion margin of landscape reduced-168.7km^2,20.4% of the total area,the upland landscape conversion phase,the overall conversion to dry-land landscape plaque;Effluents from 1994 to 2006 in the study area with conversion coefficient for plus or minus three large area landscape transformation was given priority to,strong on the dynamic change of dry wet,maximal change area was mainly distributed in the study area on the north side of the edge area,moderate internal changes;Wetland from 2006 to 2015 in conversion coefficient of plus or minus 1,plus or minus 2s mall area landscape transformation was given priority to,dry wet dynamic change relatively moderate,stability,small lakes internal landscape type change was weak,mainly area of the landscape changes in the outside part of the small lake region.