某县农村学龄儿童伤害影响因素的病例对照研究

A case-control study on risk factors of injury among rural school-aged children in a county

目的探讨农村学龄儿童伤害发生的影响因素,为开展伤害预防干预提供依据。方法随机选取某县农村小学、初中各3所学校,分层整群抽取小学三~五年级、中学七~八年级共2 196名学龄儿童作为研究对象;筛选出1年内发生过伤害的354名学龄儿童作为病例组,按照同班级、同年龄、同性别的原则1∶1选取未发生伤害的学龄儿童作为对照组。采用自拟调查表对儿童基本情况及伤害情况进行调查。结果过去1年内共有354人发生伤害,伤害人数发生率为16.12%;发生伤害375人次,伤害人次发生率为17.08%。非留守儿童(OR=0.467,95%CI=0.248~0.987)是伤害发生的保护因素,身体状况一般(OR=1.801,95%CI=1.187~2.733)、有伤害史(OR=3.161,95%CI=1.611~6.203)、非独生子女(OR=2.071,95%CI=1.413~3.037)是伤害发生的危险因素。结论农村学龄儿童伤害发生比较普遍,儿童自身因素对伤害的发生有重要影响。

Objective To explore associated factors for injury in school-age children in rural areas, and to provide evidence for childhood injury prevention. Methods Data was collected by questionnaire survey in 2 196 school-aged children who were recruited from 3 primary schools and 3 junior high schools in rural areas of a county through stratified cluster sampling.Totally 354 children who had been injured were selected as case group. The 1 ∶ 1 matched in same class,age,gender case-control study was used. Results In the past year,354 children had been injured.The incidence of injury number was 16.12%; 375 person-time had been injured.The iucidence of injury pensum-time was 17.08%.The conditional logistic regression showed that the protective factor for injury included non-left-behind experiences（ OR = 0.467, 95%CI = 0.248-0.987）, while risk factors included undesirable physical condition（ OR = 1.801, 95%CI = 1.187-2.733）, history of injury（ OR = 3.161,95%CI = 1.611-6.203） and non-only-child（ OR =2.071, 95%CI = 1.413-3.037）. Conclusion The incidence of injury in rural school-aged children is relatively high. Self-protection consciousness among children plays an important role in injury prevention.