番茄灰霉病拮抗菌TB-12菌株发酵条件优化及其生防效果

Optimization of Fermentation Conditions and Disease Control Effectiveness Research of Antagonistic Bacteria TB-12

以灰葡萄孢菌(Botrytis cinerea Pers.)为指示菌,采用单因素试验与正交实验相结合的方式,对TB-12菌株发酵培养基组成及培养条件进行优化,以提高番茄灰霉病拮抗菌Bacillus velezensis TB-12菌株的抑菌效果,并通过盆栽试验考察了TB-12菌株对番茄灰霉病的防治效果,为今后该菌剂生产工艺条件的进一步确定及其防治应用的开展奠定相应的基础。结果表明:TB-12菌株的最佳发酵培养基组合为乳糖2%,酪蛋白胨4%,MgSO_4·7H_2O 0.1%,KCl 0.05%;最佳培养条件为接种量10%,装瓶量50 mL,初始pH 8,发酵时间60h,培养温度30℃,摇床转速180r·min^(-1)。与采用基础发酵培养基相比,优化后TB-12菌株对灰葡萄孢菌的抑制效果增加了69.4%。盆栽试验表明,优化后TB-12菌株发酵上清液对番茄灰霉病的预防效果达到69.2%,治疗效果达到58.2%,分别提高了32.6%和19.5%。TB-12菌株对番茄灰霉病有良好的防治效果。

Botrytis cinerea was used as indicator bacteria.The fermentation medium and process parameters of strain TB-12 was optimized by single factor experiment and orthogonal test to improve antibacterial effect of strain TB-12.Pot experiments were also carried out to investigate the control efficiency of Botrytis cinerea with fundamental and optimized fermented liquors comparatively.The results showed that optimal medium lactose 2%,casein peptone 4% and MgSO4·7H2O 0.1%,KCl 0.05%.The optimal fermentation conditions were：inoculation amount 10%,volume ratio of seed liquid fermentation medium 50 mL,fermentation time 60 hours,initial pH 8,fermentation temperature 30 ℃,rotation speed 180r·min-1.Compared with the fermentation of culture medium,the inhibition effect of TB-12 strain on Botrytis cinerea Pers.increased to 69.4%.Pot experiments showed that after optimization the preventive effect of TB-12 strain on the prevention of tomato gray mold was 69.2%,and the treatment effect was 58.2%,which increased by 32.6% and 19.5% respectively.TB-12 strain had good control effect on tomato gray mold.