木耳种质资源最佳保藏方法

Optimum Preservation Method of Germplasm Resources of Auricularia auricular-judae

以干木耳子实体为试材,采用常温、4℃、-18℃及液氮等方法对子实体进行保藏,1年后进行组织分离、孢子收集、出耳试验以及酸性蛋白酶、漆酶活性试验,研究保藏方式对木耳子实体的影响。结果表明:耳片组织分离后获得菌丝与继代保藏菌丝无拮抗现象,子实体保藏在菌落形态、菌丝生长速度、分解木屑料能力和酶活性方面均优于继代保藏效果;菌落浓度、漆酶和酸性蛋白酶活性与保藏方式相关性显著,可以作为保藏方式的评价指标,漆酶与菌丝分解木屑速度、催芽率和产量相关性显著,漆酶活性越高,菌丝分解木屑速度越快、催芽率越高、产量越高;无保护剂液氮保藏孢子萌发率最高。木耳子实体保藏简单,并能够更好地保持品种性状,其中无保护剂液氮保藏为最佳保藏方式。

Dry fruiting bodies were used as research material, the fruiting bodies were preserved in room temperature, 4 ℃-18 ℃and liquid nitrogen （N2）and taken out in one year for tissue isolation, spore collection, fruiting experiment, as well as acid protease and laccase activity testing, with mycelia preserved with normal sub-culturing method as control. The effect of the preservation method on the fruiting body was studied. The results showed that colony morphology,the rnycelial growth rate, saw- dust decomposing ability and enzymatic activity were all better than that of the subculture. Colony concentration,laccase and acid protease were the main factors affecting the mycelium growth. The correlation between the activity and the preservation method was significant. The correlation between laccase and mycelium decomposition speed,germination rate and yield was significant. The higher the laccase activity,the faster the mycelium decomposed wood chips, the higher the germination rate, the higher the yield, the higher the spore germination rate. Liquid N2 without protective agent had the highest spore germination rate. The results showed that the fruiting bodies of the fungus were simple and had better preservation of the traits of the cultivars,and the unprotected liquid nitrogen was the best preservation method.