长线路工程法截面子午线椭球建立方法研究

Research on the method of establishing normal section meridian ellipsoid for long line engineering

本文对长度投影综合变形情况做了分析,针对东西向、非南北向的较长线路,其困难在于频繁换带,用传统的高斯投影方法,未能解决椭球面向平面映射的高斯投影变形,也未能扩大投影的宽度。鉴于此,曾有学者采用法截面子午线来建立斜轴椭球的方法,目的是通过建立法截面子午线椭球来减小测区与斜轴椭球中央子午线的距离。然而,所用理论略显复杂,会使得计算过程及相关参数计算变得繁琐甚至困难,也不便于相关软件的编制。因此,本文引入一种法截面子午线椭球高斯投影的方法,该方法计算更为简单。实验分析表明,该方法特别适合东西向、非南北向的长大线路工程,允许线路长度可达上千公里,并且计算流程思路清晰,数学模型简单,对线路工程测量具有借鉴作用。

This paper takes a comprehensive analysis of the length deformation of map projection. For long line engineering in east-west direction,it is difficult that the project belt is changed frequently with traditional Gauss projection. In view of this,some scholars have used the method of cross section meridian to establish the oblique axis ellipsoid. The purpose is to reduce the distance between the measured area and the central meridian of the oblique ellipsoid. However,the theory is somewhat complex,which makes the calculation process and the calculation of relevant parameters complicated and difficult,and it is not convenient for the preparation of related software. Therefore,this paper introduces a method of the Gauss projection of the meridian ellipsoid,which is much simpler. The experimental analysis shows that the method is especially suitable for the east-west,non north-south long line engineering,allowing the line length up to thousands of kilometers,and the calculation process is clear and with simple mathematical model. It presents a reference to the line surveying engineering.