文献计量学视野下专利寿命与多重因素的相关性解析——来自催化领域的实证

Relationships between Patent Life and Multiple Factors in the Perspective of Bibliometrics:An Empirical Study in Catalysis Field

专利的寿命长短在根本上取决于专利价值的高低,因此本文使用专利寿命这一易于计量的指标来表征专利价值这一难于计量的指标。文献计量学通常认为文献价值与被引频次正相关,但本文在计量专利文献时发现了与之相佐的事实:专利寿命(价值)与被引频次无关,但与以下多重因素表现出较为显著的相关性:与施引频次负相关、与审理时间正相关、与发明人数量正相关。基于催化领域的样本专利,本文实证了上述多重相关关系,并对相关关系产生的原因进行了解析。

The lifetime of a patent is determined by the patent＇s value and hence, this paper used patents＇ life to char- acterize patents＇ value, which could hardly be measured directly. In view of bibliometrics, it is generally considered that a literature＇s value is positively correlated with the number of times it is cited. However, in the context of pat- entmetrics, this paper found out that there is no exact relationship between these two variables. It is shown that the patents＇ life （value） and their citations are negatively correlated whereas patents＇ life （value） and their trial times are positively correlated. The patents＇ life （value） and the number of inventors are positively correlated, too. Based on the sample patents in the catalysis field, this paper empirically analyzed the multiple correlations and explained the possible reasons.