压力容器球冠形端封头的应力分析与设计方法

A Design Method Based on Analysis of Cylindrical Pressure Vessels with Fixed Spherical Crown Head

GB 150.3—2011和JB 4732—1995(2005年确认)给出了圆柱形压力容器球冠形端封头的设计方法,适用范围为内压与许用应力比值p/Sm≥0.002。由于该类结构通常被应用于设计压力很低的容器,工程界希望给出更薄壳的设计方法。介绍了该标准设计方法的理论依据。运用弹性薄壳理论,给出了圆柱壳连接等厚度球冠形端封头的应力分析公式,进行了有限元对比,据此提出可拓展上述现有标准中的工程设计曲线的适用范围,内压与许用应力比值p/Sm由0.002拓展至0.001。基于弹塑性大变形的有限元屈曲分析,说明了其安全性。

Standards GB 150.3--2011 and JB 4732--1995 provided the criterion for the design of the cylindrical pressure vessel with fixed spherical crown head, which are available for the ratio of the internal pressure p to the allowable stress Sm ,p/Sm≥0. 002. In most cases, the pressure applied on the pressure vessel of this structures is low, so engineers desired the design curves for p/Sm 〈 0.002. This paper will describe the theoretical basis of the standard design will present the stress analysis formula of cylindrical method. Based on the theory of elastic thin shell, it pressure vessel with the same thickness of the fixed spherical crown. The results are also verified by the finite element method. The suitable range of the design curves for parameter p/Sm is extended from 0.002 to 0.001. The safety for thinner shell structures are verified by buckling analysis of the elastic-plastic finite element method.