B/Fe_2O_3/NC复合物的制备及其对HTPB/AP推进剂性能的影响

Preparation of B/Fe_2O_3/NC Composite and Its Effect on Properties of HTPB/AP Propellant

为改善硼粉(B)的性能和纳米氧化铁(Fe_2O_3)在固体推进剂中的分散性,用静电喷雾法制备了B/Fe_2O_3/NC复合物,采用扫描电镜(SEM)表征了复合物的表面形貌,用TG-DSC分析了复合物的热性能及其对HTPB/AP推进剂热性能的影响,并用燃速测试和密闭爆发器实验研究了该复合物对HTPB/AP推进剂燃烧性能的影响。结果表明,所制备的B/Fe_2O_3/NC复合物均以团聚体的形式存在,复合物中B的活性提高,其氧化反应温度提前;团聚硼粉对HTPB/AP推进剂燃烧性能的改善效果明显优于原料硼粉;加入Fe_2O_3后,会进一步改善含硼推进剂的燃烧性能,而且随Fe_2O_3含量的增加,在密闭爆发器中HTPB/AP推进剂达到最高压力所需的时间逐渐减小。当Fe_2O_3的质量分数为8%时,推进剂在常压空气中的燃速最大,为不添加B/Fe_2O_3/NC复合物的HTPB/AP推进剂的2.77倍。B/Fe_2O_3/NC复合物对推进剂的热分解具有一定催化作用,且随Fe_2O_3含量的增加催化作用增强。

To improve the property of boron （B） powder and dispersion of ferric oxide （Fe2O3） nanoparticles in solid propellant,the B/Fe2O3/nitrocellulose （NC） composite was prepared by an electrostatic spray method.The surface morphology of the composite was characterized by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）.Thermal performance of the composite and its effect on the properties of propellant was analyzed by TG-DSC.The effect of the composite on the combustion properties of HTPB/AP propellant was studied by burning rate test and closed bomb experiment.The results show that the prepared composite exists in the form of agglomerate,the reactivity of boron in the composite is improved,and the oxidation reaction temperature is advanced.The improving effect of agglomerate boron on the combustion performance of HTPB/AP propellant is larger than raw boron powder.After the addition of Fe2O3,the combustion performance of propellant containing B can be further improved and with increasing the Fe2O3 content,the time needed to reach the highest pressure of HTPB/AP propellant in closed bomb gradually decreases.When the mass fraction of Fe2O3 is 8%,the burning rate of the propellant in air at normal pressure is the largest,which is 2.77 times of that of HTPB/AP propellant without adding B/Fe2O3/NC composite.The B/Fe2O3/NC composite has certain catalytic effect on the thermal decomposition of the propellant,and the catalytic effect becomes stronger with increasing the Fe2O3 content.