中国劳动力省际工资差异程度为什么降低了?——基于省级面板数据的实证分析

Why the degree of inter-provincial wage difference decreases in China? Empirical analysis based on provincial panel data

首先考察改革开放以来我国省际工资差异的变动趋势,进而运用多元回归模型并结合相关分解方法分析省际工资差异的来源构成以及导致省际工资差异变动的影响因素。结果表明:(1)改革开放以来,中国省际工资差异总体上呈现出先上升后下降的走势,自从2003年以来,各省份之间的工资差异程度在逐渐降低;(2)在工资差异的来源构成中,最主要的因素有3个,即第三产业比重、人力资本投资以及劳动生产率,三者的贡献之和达到了近90%;(3)促使省际工资差异程度降低的因素为产业结构、就业规模和开放程度,而受教育程度和劳动生产率提升则是促使省际工资差异程度提高的因素。

The paper examines the variation tendency of inter-provincial wage difference from the reform and opening-up,then uses multiple regression model and the decomposition method to analyze the sources of inter-provincial wage difference and the influencing factors that cause the variation of inter-provincial wage difference. The results indicate that：（1） since the reform and opening-up,the inter-provincial wage difference takes on the tendency of going up and then coming down,and gradually decreases from 2003;（2） among the sources of inter-provincial wage difference,the most important factors are the ratio of tertiary industry,human resource investment and the labor productivity,and the total contribution of these three factors reaches 90%;（3）the industrial structure,employment scale and the degree of openness cause the inter-provincial wage difference to decrease while educational level and the increased labor productivity have the opposite effect on inter-provincial wage difference.