构建我国个人破产制度应自商个人破产制度始

Establishment of our individual bankruptcy system based on merchant individual bankruptcy system

我国企业破产法生效已十年,对于企业破产我国有了较多的理论研究和司法实践,但我国破产法缺乏对于个人破产制度的规定。要构建我国个人破产制度首先应该明确破产的适用范围。而世界上现存的主要有商个人破产主义、一般破产主义、法人破产主义、折中主义四种立法思路。对于采纳何种主义,学界一直争论不休。在梳理学界对此的争论基础上,分析支持一般破产主义的各主要学说,并提出在我国先行构建商个人破产制度的必要性和可能性,说明我国构建个人破产制度为何应当从商个人破产制度开始。

The bankruptcy law of our country has been effective for ten years, which is theoretically studied and implemented in practice but lacks the stipulations on individual bankruptcy. To establish our individual bankruptcy system, it is necessary to define the applica- tion scope of bankruptcy. There are four theories on the establishment of individual bankruptcy system, that is, merchant individual bankruptcy theory, general bankruptcy theory, legal person bankruptcy theory and eclecticism. To adopt which theory for establishment of our bankruptcy system is still a point in debate in the academic field. Based on the research review, this paper analyses various theo- ries on general bankruptcy and puts forward the necessity and possibility of establishment of merchant individual bankruptcy, demonstrating the view that the establishment of our individual bankruptcy system begins from the establishment of merchant individual bankruptcy system.