香港司法制度的形成、演变与改革

The Formation,Evolution and Reform of the Judicial System in Hong Kong

20世纪80年代,香港已形成包括最高法院、地方法院、裁判法院和特种法庭在内的不完整的审判体系。在回归前的过渡时期,香港开展司法本地化工作,着手组建终审法院。回归后,香港终审法院的设立和运作标志着完整的审判体系的形成,而全国人大常委会解释基本法是香港新司法制度的重要组成部分。香港司法制度进行改革的必要性尚未显现,但法院有的做法需要调整,如法院裁判案件援用域外法时需要限定在基本法授权范围之内。

In the 80s of the last century,Hong Kong had formed an incomplete trial system,including the Supreme Court,the local court,the judicial court and the special court. During the transition period before reunification,Hong Kong carried out judicial localization work,and began to set up the court final appeal. After the reunification,the establishment and operation of the Hong Kong court of final appeal marked the formation of a complete trial system,while the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress( NPC) explaining the basic law is an important component of the new judicial system in Hong Kong. The necessity of reforming the judicial system in Hong Kong has not been revealed,but Some court practices need to be adjusted,Such as,when courts judge cases invoking extraterritorial laws and which shall be limited in the scope of the Basic Law.