《黄帝内经》食饮理论探讨

Exploration of the Theories of Intake of Food and Drinking Theory in the Inner Canon of Huangdi

食饮理论的形成发展有着悠久历史,与《黄帝内经》成书差不多同时期的"三礼"则对上古食饮的规范叙述详细,但随着以儒家文化为基础的传统文化的衰落,食饮中有关"礼"局面的日趋混乱,对中医而言这也成为导致许多疾病发生的间接原因。由于社会历史文化的环境所致,中医一直是秉承"重养生、轻攻伐"的"常道"思想,在经典和后世诸多医家的著述中也是论食多、论饮少。然而在当前中医实际临床中,由"饮伤"造成的疾病所占比重很大,且容易被忽视,然而"病中固宜节食,尤宜节饮。食伤人所易知,饮伤人都不觉。不惟茶汤浆酒,以及冰泉瓜果之伤,谓之伤饮,即服药过多,亦谓之伤饮。"由此可知"节饮"的重要性。

The formation and development of the theories of intake of food and drinking has a hmg history. ＂ Tinge manners＂ formed nearly at the same time with the hlner Cnnon of Huangdi describes the dietary specifications in detail. However,with the decline of the traditional culture based on Confucian culture,the relevant ＂manners＂ in diet became increasingly chaoitic. In Chi- nese medicine,improper intake of food is also the indirect reason for ninny diseases. For the social and historical culture,Chinese medicine always holds that ＂pay more attention to life nurturing rather than attacking＂. It is also commonly seen that the discussion of the intake of food is more than that of drinking in the classics and works of doctors in later＂ generations. However,in current practical clinic, the diseases caused by improper drinking occupy a large proportion, but this tends to be neglected. ＂In a disease, intake of food should be and drinking shonht specifically be controlled. Impairment due to improper intake of fbod is easy to discover but the impairment due to improper drinking is hard to nolice. Drinking impairment includes not only tire injuries result from tea,soup,wine,icy water and fruits but also the overtaking of medical decoction＂. It can be seen fi＇om this Ihe importance of ＂drinking control＂.